> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.xyzchain.org/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Transactions

> View transaction history

# Transactions

The `xyz tx` command group provides transaction-related operations.

## Transaction History

View recent transactions for an address:

```bash theme={null}
xyz tx history <address>
```

Or by key name:

```bash theme={null}
xyz tx history --key <name>
```

### Example

```bash theme={null}
xyz tx history --key alice
```

Output:

```
HASH                                                              HEIGHT  TYPE             TIMESTAMP
ABC123DEF456789...                                                12345   /cosmos.bank...  2024-01-29 10:30:00
DEF456789ABC123...                                                12340   /cosmwasm.wasm.. 2024-01-29 10:25:00
789ABC123DEF456...                                                12335   /cosmos.staking. 2024-01-29 10:20:00
```

## Command Options

| Flag             | Description                | Default |
| ---------------- | -------------------------- | ------- |
| `--key`          | Key name from keyring      | -       |
| `--limit`        | Number of transactions     | 10      |
| `--output`, `-o` | Output format (table/json) | table   |
| `--node`         | RPC endpoint override      | config  |

## Limit Results

```bash theme={null}
# Get last 5 transactions
xyz tx history --key mykey --limit 5

# Get last 50 transactions
xyz tx history --key mykey --limit 50
```

## JSON Output

For scripting:

```bash theme={null}
xyz tx history --key mykey --output json
```

```json theme={null}
{
  "transactions": [
    {
      "hash": "ABC123DEF456789...",
      "height": 12345,
      "type": "/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend",
      "timestamp": "2024-01-29T10:30:00Z"
    },
    {
      "hash": "DEF456789ABC123...",
      "height": 12340,
      "type": "/cosmwasm.wasm.v1.MsgExecuteContract",
      "timestamp": "2024-01-29T10:25:00Z"
    }
  ]
}
```

## Transaction Types

Common transaction types you'll see:

| Type                                       | Description                 |
| ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------- |
| `/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend`             | Native token transfer       |
| `/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgDelegate`      | Delegation to validator     |
| `/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgUndelegate`    | Undelegation from validator |
| `/cosmwasm.wasm.v1.MsgStoreCode`           | Upload contract code        |
| `/cosmwasm.wasm.v1.MsgInstantiateContract` | Create contract instance    |
| `/cosmwasm.wasm.v1.MsgExecuteContract`     | Execute contract method     |
| `/cosmos.gov.v1beta1.MsgVote`              | Governance vote             |

## View Transaction Details

For detailed transaction information, use `xyzd`:

```bash theme={null}
xyzd query tx <hash> --node tcp://localhost:26657
```

Or via REST API:

```bash theme={null}
curl "http://localhost:1317/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/<hash>"
```

## Examples

### Monitor Activity

```bash theme={null}
# Watch for new transactions
watch -n 10 "xyz tx history --key alice --limit 3"
```

### Export to CSV

```bash theme={null}
# Get JSON and convert
xyz tx history --key alice --limit 100 --output json | \
  jq -r '.transactions[] | [.hash, .height, .type, .timestamp] | @csv' > txs.csv
```

### Filter by Type

```bash theme={null}
# Get only wasm transactions
xyz tx history --key alice --limit 50 --output json | \
  jq '.transactions[] | select(.type | contains("wasm"))'
```

### Count Transactions

```bash theme={null}
# Total transactions (up to limit)
xyz tx history --key alice --limit 100 --output json | \
  jq '.transactions | length'
```

## Understanding Transaction Flow

```
┌─────────────┐      ┌─────────────┐      ┌─────────────┐
│   Create    │─────▶│   Sign      │─────▶│  Broadcast  │
│     Tx      │      │ (keyring)   │      │  (node)     │
└─────────────┘      └─────────────┘      └─────────────┘
                                                │
                                                ▼
┌─────────────┐      ┌─────────────┐      ┌─────────────┐
│   Query     │◀─────│  Finalized  │◀─────│  Mempool    │
│  (history)  │      │  (block)    │      │  (pending)  │
└─────────────┘      └─────────────┘      └─────────────┘
```

## Transaction Status

Transactions go through these states:

| State     | Description                            |
| --------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Pending   | In mempool, not yet in block           |
| Included  | In a block, but not finalized          |
| Finalized | Block confirmed (instant on XYZ Chain) |
| Failed    | Execution error (still recorded)       |

Failed transactions still appear in history with error codes.

## Troubleshooting

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="No transactions found">
    * Account may have no transaction history
    * Check address/key is correct
    * Increase limit: `--limit 50`
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Missing recent transaction">
    * Node may be syncing
    * Wait a few blocks
    * Check node status: `curl http://localhost:26657/status`
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Connection error">
    ```bash theme={null}
    # Check node is running
    xyz localnet status

    # Or check RPC endpoint
    xyz config get node
    ```
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>